During line protection tests, fault simulation of transmission lines can be realized by manual calculation of fault current and voltage values or software-based short-circuit calculation. Taking the commissioning of the NR Electric RCS-931 Line Protection Device with the Relaystar-S60 Handheld Relay Protection Test System as an example, this article introduces how to complete various fault simulation tests of line protection at one time by using the Distance and Zero-Sequence Test Module.

1 Protection-Related Settings

(1) Setting of Protection Fixed Value Control Words

No.	Setting Name	Value	No.	Setting Name	Value
01	Phase-to-Phase Distance Zone I Setting	2.0Ω	02	Phase-to-Phase Distance Zone II Setting	4.0Ω
03	Phase-to-Phase Distance Zone II Time	0.5s	04	Phase-to-Phase Distance Zone III Setting	6.0Ω
05	Phase-to-Phase Distance Zone III Time	1.0s	06	Earth Distance Zone I Setting	2.0Ω
07	Earth Distance Zone II Setting	4.0Ω	08	Earth Distance Zone II Time	0.5s
09	Earth Distance Zone III Setting	6.0Ω	10	Earth Distance Zone III Time	1.0s
11	Zero-Sequence Zone II Setting	2.0A	12	Zero-Sequence Zone II Time	0.6s
13	Zero-Sequence Zone III Setting	1.5A	14	Zero-Sequence Zone III Time	1.2s
15	Zero-Sequence Compensation Coefficient	0.67	16	Positive Sequence Sensitive Angle	78°
17	Enable Phase-to-Phase Distance Zone I	1	18	Enable Phase-to-Phase Distance Zone II	1
19	Enable Phase-to-Phase Distance Zone III	1	20	Enable Earth Distance Zone I	1
21	Enable Earth Distance Zone II	1	22	Enable Earth Distance Zone III	1
23	Enable Auto-Reclosing	0

 

(2) Setting of Protection Press Plates

In the Press Plate Settings, set "Distance Protection Press Plate Input" and "Zero-Sequence Protection Press Plate Input" to "1", and set "Differential Protection Press Plate Input" to "0".

On the protection panel, close the hard press plates for Distance Protection and Zero-Sequence Protection.

2 Test Wiring

△ RCS-931 Distance Protection and Auto-Reclosing Wiring Diagram

Connect the voltage output terminals Ua, Ub, Uc, Un of the Relaystar-S60 to the AC voltage terminals Ua, Ub, Uc, Un of the protection device respectively.

Connect the current output terminals Ia, Ib, Ic of the Relaystar-S60 to the AC current polar terminals (IA, IB, IC) of the protection device respectively; short-circuit the AC current non-polar terminals (IA', IB', IC') of the protection device and connect them to the zero-sequence current polar terminal (IN), then connect back to the current output terminal In of the Relaystar-S60 from the zero-sequence current non-polar terminal (IN').

Connect the input contacts A, B, C, R of the Relaystar-S60 to the phase-separated trip output contacts Trip A, Trip B, Trip C and the Auto-Reclosing contact of the protection device respectively; connect the +KM terminal of the Relaystar-S60 to the common terminal of the protection device.

The switch position corresponding to the line here is "Closed Position", and the output wiring is not considered.

3 Calibration of Distance and Zero-Sequence Protection Functions

In the Distance and Zero-Sequence menu, check the options for Distance Protection and Zero-Sequence Protection. The pre-fault delay can be set to 12s to ensure PT disconnection recovery. The auto-reclosing test is not conducted here, so there is no need to consider charging; the 220kV line protection selects the single-phase tripping mode.

1. Parameter Setting on the "Distance Protection" Page

△ Distance Protection Test Parameter Setting

Set the relevant fixed values on the test interface according to the setting sheet.

Set the test current based on empirical values.

Set the test time to be 0.1~0.2s longer than the fixed value time.

Check the fault mode and select positive direction fault type.

△ Zero-Sequence Protection System Parameter Setting

Set the relevant fixed values on the test interface according to the setting sheet.

Set the test time to be 0.1~0.2s longer than the fixed value time.

Set the fault phase voltage to 30V based on empirical values.

Check the fault mode and select positive direction fault type.

(2) Test Operation Method

Click the Start icon or press the Run/Confirm key on the keyboard to start the output of the Relaystar-S60 (a prompt to open the zero-sequence protection press plate will appear for distance protection tests, and a prompt to open the distance protection press plate for zero-sequence protection tests).

The tester first outputs the no-load state, then the fault state until the protection trips reliably.

The input contact collects the action time, and the Relaystar-S60 automatically proceeds with subsequent tests until all protection tests are completed and the test ends automatically.

Select whether to save the test results according to the prompt.

(3) Test Results

The input quantity records the test action information after the test is completed.

△ Protection Action Test Interface

The Relaystar-S60 automatically records the test results of distance and zero-sequence protection.

No.	Zone	Short-Circuit Multiple	Fault Type (Phase-to-Phase Fault)	Trip A (ms)			Trip B (ms)			Trip C (ms)			Reclose R		Permanent Trip
1	I	0.950	AB Phase Short Circuit	40			40			40			—		—
2	I	0.950	BC Phase Short Circuit	40			40			40			—		—
3	I	0.950	CA Phase Short Circuit	39			39			40			—		—
4	I	0.950	ABC Phase Short Circuit	40			40			40			—		—
5	I	1.050	AB Phase Short Circuit	—			—			—			—		—
6	I	1.050	BC Phase Short Circuit	—			—			—			—		—
7	I	1.050	CA Phase Short Circuit	—			—			—			—		—
8	I	1.050	ABC Phase Short Circuit	—			—			—			—		—
9	II	0.950	AB Phase Short Circuit	535			535			536			—		—
10	II	0.950	BC Phase Short Circuit	536			537			536			—		—
11	II	0.950	CA Phase Short Circuit	536			535			535			—		—
12	II	0.950	ABC Phase Short Circuit	535			536			536			—		—
13	II	1.050	AB Phase Short Circuit	—			—			—			—		—
14	II	1.050	BC Phase Short Circuit	—			—			—			—		—
15	II	1.050	CA Phase Short Circuit	—			—			—			—		—
16	II	1.050	ABC Phase Short Circuit	—			—			—			—		—
17	III	0.950	AB Phase Short Circuit	1032			1032			1032			—		—
18	III	0.950	BC Phase Short Circuit	1032			1031			1032			—		—
19	III	0.950	CA Phase Short Circuit	1032			1031			1032			—		—
20	III	0.950	ABC Phase Short Circuit	1031			1031			1031			—		—
21	III	1.050	AB Phase Short Circuit	—			—			—			—		—
22	III	1.050	BC Phase Short Circuit	—			—			—			—		—
23	III	1.050	CA Phase Short Circuit	—			—			—			—		—
24	III	1.050	ABC Phase Short Circuit	—			—			—			—		—
No.	Zone	Short-Circuit Multiple	Fault Type (Ground Fault)	Trip A (ms)	Trip B (ms)			Trip C (ms)			Reclose R			Permanent Trip
25	I	0.950	Phase A Ground	40	—			—			—			—
26	I	0.950	Phase B Ground	—	39			—			—			—
27	I	0.950	Phase C Ground	—	—			39			—			—
28	I	1.050	Phase A Ground	—	—			—			—			—
29	I	1.050	Phase B Ground	—	—			—			—			—
30	I	1.050	Phase C Ground	—	—			—			—			—
31	II	0.950	Phase A Ground	536	—			—			—			—
32	II	0.950	Phase B Ground	—	535			—			—			—
33	II	0.950	Phase C Ground	—	—			536			—			—
34	II	1.050	Phase A Ground	636	—			—			—			—
35	II	1.050	Phase B Ground	—	635			—			—			—
36	II	1.050	Phase C Ground	—	—			636			—			—
37	III	0.950	Phase A Ground	1031	1031			1032			—			—
38	III	0.950	Phase B Ground	1031	1031			1031			—			—
39	III	0.950	Phase C Ground	1032	1032			1032			—			—
40	III	1.050	Phase A Ground	—	—			—			—			—
41	III	1.050	Phase B Ground	—	—			—			—			—
42	III	1.050	Phase C Ground	—	—			—			—			—
No.	Zone	Short-Circuit Multiple	Fault Type (Zero-Sequence Fault)	Trip A (ms)		Trip B (ms)			Trip C (ms)			Reclose R		Permanent Trip
43	II	1.050	Phase A Ground	646		—			—			—		—
44	II	1.050	Phase B Ground	—		647			—			—		—
45	II	1.050	Phase C Ground	—		—			647			—		—
46	II	0.950	Phase A Ground	—		—			—			—		—
47	II	0.950	Phase B Ground	—		—			—			—		—
48	II	0.950	Phase C Ground	—		—			—			—		—
49	III	1.050	Phase A Ground	1234		1233			1234			—		—
50	III	1.050	Phase B Ground	1234		1234			1234			—		—

 

 

 

Test Conclusion

The distance protection (ground fault and phase-to-phase fault) trips reliably at 0.95 times the short-circuit multiple and remains inoperative reliably at 1.05 times the short-circuit multiple.

The zero-sequence protection trips reliably at 1.05 times the short-circuit multiple and remains inoperative reliably at 0.95 times the short-circuit multiple.

The action status and action time information of various fault types for distance and zero-sequence protection can be viewed through the test report, and all data are correct.

This test module enables more convenient, fast and efficient completion of all test items.